Geological Chronicle
Located on the eastern perimeter of the Moon's near side, Condorcet sits southeast of Mare Crisium within the Mare Undarum quadrangle. The impact structure spans 74.85 kilometers across, bordered to the northeast by the craters Hansen and Alhazen. Geologists trace its origin to around the time the Crisium basin formed, placing its impact within the Nectarian period of the lunar timescale.
The physical structure of Condorcet reflects substantial wear and internal flooding. Its outer rim is eroded, marked by a low saddle point along the northern wall and overlapped on the northwest by the satellite crater Condorcet Y. Subsequent resurfacing left a level floor marked only by small craterlets, where a broad dark patch occupies the western half while the rest matches the albedo of the surrounding terrain.
German astronomer Johann Hieronymus Schröter included the name in his lunar nomenclature in 1791, honoring the French mathematician Jean de Condorcet. The designation received formal adoption by the IAU in 1935, fixing the mathematician's name to the lunar landscape.